Volodymyr Tokar

A brigade came [to our house], and started searching in the backyard, in the garden, and then came into the house. They searched the house and couldn’t find anything. Then Oryna [one of the members of the brigade] took a look under the bed. There was a pood of corn under the bed. We had hidden it because theft was widespread. There was a saying that ‘they’ll pull it from under your head.’ So she pulled it out, and said, “I see where you’re hiding grain.” My mother started to cry and plead that this was all we had to eat. But forget it. “Moscow doesn’t believe tears.” And they took the corn.  I got very angry, picked up a stick and tried to hit [the brigadier]. But my mother stopped me. I remember that well. But it turned out, whether God decides, or whether truth wins out, that those who do harm get punished for it. That [brigadier’s] husband had come home from his job in Kharkiv and they were having a party. In the morning we saw that someone had cut a hole in the roof, broken in and killed them. That was one of those who confiscated bread from the villagers.
We used to make fun of one of the ‘activists,’ calling her “Uncle” Olyana. I don’t remember her last name. She was an example of these Komsomol¹ girls – she smoked, cursed worse than a man, and walked around in a military-type uniform, but without medals.
My father began working in Kharkiv in 1930. Sometimes he brought us a loaf of bread, or something. We kept that loaf of bread for maybe two weeks under the pillow. The bread had already begun to mold, but my mother would tell me, “Son, a long hunger is better than a short one. Take just a bit [of bread] every day.”
When the grain began to yield, I would take my school bag, and scissors to the fields and cut some grain stalks. But I had to watch out for the guard, because if he caught me, he would beat me, and what’s worse, if he took me to the village council, my father would get in trouble.
A man was walking in front of us on our way to school. Suddenly he fell. We took a look at him, and he was all swollen. So, frightened, we stepped around him and went to school. When we were coming home from school, he was gone. Somebody had taken him away.

My mother went to the brigadier, and asked to borrow a horse and cart to bring some hay to the house to burn. The brigadier said she could have the horse and cart if she would collect the dead in the village. He gave her a couple people to help. They collected the corpses, three or five people, but when they got to the end of the village, they didn’t know what to do with the corpses. So they took them to a house where two sisters lived

They had a cellar beside the house, and they put the corpses in there, covered them with some dirt, and to this day that’s how they’re buried.
There’s a monument in our village, on which it states that 548 people died in the famine. I compared statistics of the number of deaths in our village in WWII, and the number of deaths because of the Famine, and more people died during the Famine than in the War. And you know how terrible the War was.

¹Komunistychekyi Soyuz Molodi (Communist Youth League) – the youth wing of the Communist Party.

 

File size: 28.5 Mb
Duration: 6:14

Date of birth: 6 January 1926
Place of birth:Snizhkiv Kut village, Kharkiv oblast
Witnessed Famine in:Snizhkiv Kut village, Kharkiv oblast
Arrived in Canada:1949
Current residence: Niagara Falls, Ontario
Date and place of interview:17 February 2009, St.Catharines, Ontario

BACK